苏格兰猎鹿犬(Scottish Deerhound)AKC标准及介绍
历史：苏格兰猎鹿犬 (Scottish Deerhound) 。与爱尔兰猎狼犬很相像，但是体格梗轻巧，毛皮也更光滑一些，头部吻部呈锥形，反映出在血统上受灵提的影响，甚至被称作粗毛灵提。最初在苏格兰专门为猎鹿而培育，中世纪时苏格兰酋长就用来猎鹿，它身高力大，粗糙的毛皮可以抵挡恶劣的气候。曾一度是苏格兰贵族炙手可热的爱犬，并成为苏格兰皇家御用犬，伯爵阶衔以下不能拥有此犬。当猎枪出现并被广泛使用于猎鹿后，其数量大幅减少。现在除了狩猎之外还是很好的伴侣犬。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的头部]
耳朵处宽，向眼睛方向逐渐变窄，口吻向鼻尖方向明显变窄。口吻尖，但牙齿和嘴唇较平。头部长，脑袋平坦而不圆，眼睛上方非常轻微地升起，但不靠近止部。头部的毛发长度中等，比其他毛发软一些。鼻镜为黑色（有些兰驼色的狗的鼻镜是兰色），且略微弯曲。浅色的狗应该有黑色的口吻。应该有丝质的髭须和漂亮的胡须。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的耳朵]
位置高；休息时，象灵缇犬那样向后折，虽然，兴奋时会凸起，但不会没有折痕，有时会是半立耳。立耳属于缺陷。大而厚的耳朵平平地挂在头部边上或被毛沉重、毛发太长都属于严重缺陷。耳朵应该是柔软、平滑、触摸的感觉象老鼠毛，小一些更好。没有过长的被毛或刘海，但有时会有丝质的、银色的毛发出现在身躯和耳朵尖。所有的猎鹿犬，不管是什么颜色，耳朵都应该是黑色或暗黑色。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的颈部和肩胛]
颈部长，其长度与灵缇犬相当。但过分长则既没必要，也不合适。苏格兰猎鹿犬的工作与灵缇犬不同。优秀的猎鹿犬应该拥有鬃毛，有时鬃毛会改变颈部的外观长度。无论如何，颈部都需要非常强壮，能控制住鹿这样的动物。颈背非常突出，头部向前伸，喉咙线条清晰，角度明显。肩胛倾斜，肩胛骨向后，彼此间没有很宽的距离。抗肩膀或太直的肩胛都属于严重缺陷。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的尾巴]
比较长，尖端略细，延伸到离地面 1.5英寸的地方，或低于飞节1.5英寸。当他静止时，笔直下垂或略微弯曲，运动时或兴奋时，尾巴卷曲，但不能举过背部。覆盖有大量毛发，毛发浓厚而呈刚毛质地，下半部分毛发略长，而末端略有刘海不属于缺陷。卷曲或环状尾巴属于缺陷
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的眼睛]
颜色深，一般是深褐色、褐色或榛色。非常浅的眼睛颜色不合适，眼睛适度丰满，休息时眼神柔和，但兴奋时，目光锐利，且视线很远。眼圈为黑色。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的身躯]
结构与灵缇差不多，但要大一些，骨量足一些。胸部深而不宽，但也不能太窄或平板胸。足够的周长显示出良好的肺活量。腰部圆拱，向尾巴方向下垂。太直的背部不合需要，这样的结构不适合爬坡，而且非常难看。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的腿和足爪]
腿宽而平，前腿和肘部有足够的宽度是理想的。当然，前腿必须尽可能直。足爪紧凑，脚趾位置合适。后躯下垂，尽可能宽、有力。臀部的距离分比较开。狭窄的后躯显示出缺乏力量，膝关节适度倾斜，从臀部到飞节距离很大，后躯宽而平坦。牛肢、虚弱的骹骨、过直的膝关节，张开的足爪都属于严重缺陷。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的被毛]
身躯、颈部、四肢的毛发为粗糙的刚毛， 3~4英寸长；头部、胸部和腹部的毛发柔软。在前腿、后腿内侧有刘海，但不能形成象柯利犬那样的"羽毛"。羊毛状的毛发属于缺陷。张力良好的丝状毛发混杂在硬质毛发中，比羊毛状毛发更可取。美国的气候容易导致混合型被毛。理想的被毛是浓厚，紧密的粗糙被毛，触摸的感觉粗硬、干涩。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的颜色]
关系到个人喜好，但深兰灰色肯定是首选，其他的就是深浅不同的灰色、斑点色，深颜色通常是首选。黄色、沙红色、红褐色，尤其是带有黑色口吻和耳朵的，对这些颜色都一视同仁。白色是一致反对的，但除了深色狗在胸前和脚趾出现白色，是允许的。但不理想，因为猎鹿犬属于统一颜色的狗。头部有白筋或有白色围脖都属于失格。虽然最好没有白色，但有些最好的品种在尾尖也会出现轻微的白尖。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的高度]
雄性的高度：约 30~32英寸，如果整体匀称而不粗糙的话，可以更高，但很难得。
雌性的高度： 28英寸以上，只要不显得粗糙，不拒绝更大的雌性，她适合的最大高度不应该接近雄性的高度，就象不可能有太大的雄性一样。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的体重]
雄性从 85磅到110磅；雌性从75磅到95磅。
[根据重要程度排列的主要特征]
1、典型特征：苏格兰猎鹿犬应该象是一个毛发粗糙的灵缇犬，体型更大，骨量更足。
2、 动作：轻松，活泼而准确。
3、 品质相同的条件下，尽可能高。
4、 头部：长，水平，和谐，高高昂起。
5、 身躯：长，胸非常深，肋骨支撑良好，臀部很宽。
6、 前肢：结实且非常直，肘部既不向内弯，也不向外翻。
7、 大腿：长而肌肉发达，第二节大腿肌肉发达，膝关节倾斜。
8、 腰部：圆拱，腹部上提。
9、 被毛：粗糙而坚硬，有柔软的胡须和眉毛。
10、 足爪：紧凑、脚趾关节良好。
11、 耳朵：小（深色），象灵缇犬那样的姿势。
12、 眼睛：颜色深，适度丰满。
13、 颈部：长，圆拱，非常结实，颈背突出。
14、 肩胛：整洁，倾斜。
15、 胸部：非常深，但不能过分窄。
16、 尾巴：长，略微弯曲，下垂。
17、 牙齿：结实而平。
18、 趾甲：结实而弯曲。
[苏格兰猎鹿犬的失格]
头部有白筋或有白色围脖
标准通过日期：1935年3月 [下页为苏格兰猎鹿犬(Scottish Deerhound)AKC标准英文原版]
Scottish Deerhound Breed Standard
Head
Should be broadest at the ears, narrowing slightly to the eyes, with the muzzle tapering more decidedly to the nose. The muzzle should be pointed, but the teeth and lips level. The head should be long, the skull flat rather than round with a very slight rise over the eyes but nothing approaching a stop. The hair on the skull should be moderately long and softer than the rest of the coat. The nose should be black (in some blue fawns--blue) and slightly aquiline. In lighter colored dogs the black muzzle is preferable. There should be a good mustache of rather silky hair and a fair beard.
Ears
Should be set on high; in repose, folded back like a Greyhound's, though raised above the head in excitement without losing the fold, and even in some cases semierect. A prick ear is bad. Big thick ears hanging flat to the head or heavily coated with long hair are bad faults. The ears should be soft, glossy, like a mouse's coat to the touch and the smaller the better. There should be no long coat or long fringe, but there is sometimes a silky, silvery coat on the body of the ear and the tip. On all Deerhounds, irrespective of color of coat, the ears should be black or dark colored.
Neck and Shoulders
The neck should be long-of a length befitting the Greyhound character of the dog. Extreme length is neither necessary nor desirable. Deerhounds do not stoop to their work like the Greyhounds. The mane, which every good specimen should have, sometimes detracts from the apparent length of the neck. The neck, however, must be strong as is necessary to hold a stag. The nape of the neck should be very prominent where the head is set on, and the throat clean cut at the angle and prominent. Shoulders should be well sloped; blades well back and not too much width between them. Loaded and straight shoulders are very bad faults.
Tail
Should be tolerably long, tapering and reaching to within 1½ inches of the ground and about 1½ inches below the hocks. Dropped perfectly down or curved when the Deerhound is still, when in motion or excited, curved, but in no instance lifted out of line of the back. It should be well covered with hair, on the inside, thick and wiry, underside longer and towards the end a slight fringe is not objectionable. A curl or ring tail is undesirable.
Eyes
Should be dark--generally dark brown, brown or hazel. A very light eye is not liked. The eye should be moderately full, with a soft look in repose, but a keen, far away look when the Deerhound is roused. Rims of eyelids should be black.
Body
General formation is that of a Greyhound of larger size and bone. Chest deep rather than broad but not too narrow or slab-sided. Good girth of chest is indicative of great lung power. The loin well arched and drooping to the tail. A straight back is not desirable, this formation being unsuited for uphill work, and very unsightly.
Legs and Feet
Legs should be broad and flat, and good broad forearms and elbows are desirable. Forelegs must, of course, be as straight as possible. Feet close and compact, with well-arranged toes. The hindquarters drooping, and as broad and powerful as possible, the hips being set wide apart. A narrow rear denotes lack of power. The stifles should be well bent. with great length from hip to hock, which should be broad and flat. Cowhocks, weak pasterns, straight stifles and splay feet are very bad faults.
Coat
The hair on the body, neck and quarters should be harsh and wiry about 3 or 4 inches long; that on the head, breast and belly much softer. There should be a slight fringe on the inside of the forelegs and hind legs but nothing approaching the "feather" of a Collie. A woolly coat is bad. Some good strains have a mixture of silky coat with the hard which is preferable to a woolly coat. The climate of the United States tends to produce the mixed coat. The ideal coat is a thick, close-lying ragged coat, harsh or crisp to the touch.
Color
is a matter of fancy, but the dark blue-gray is most preferred. Next come the darker and lighter grays or brindles, the darkest being generally preferred. Yellow and sandy red or red fawn, especially with black ears and muzzles, are equally high in estimation. This was the color of the oldest known strains--the McNeil and Chesthill Menzies. White is condemned by all authorities, but a white chest and white toes, occurring as they do in many of the darkest-colored dogs, are not objected to, although the less the better, for the Deerhound is a self-colored dog. A white blaze on the head, or a white collar, should entirely disqualify. The less white the better but a slight white tip to the stern occurs in some of the best strains.
Height
Height of Dogs--From 30 to 32 inches, or even more if there be symmetry without coarseness, which is rare. Height of Bitches--From 28 inches upwards. There is no objection to a bitch being large, unless too coarse, as even at her greatest height she does not approach that of the dog, and therefore could not be too big for work as overbig dogs are.
Weight
From 85 to 110 pounds in dogs, and from 75 to 95 pounds in bitches.
Points of the Deerhound, Arranged in Order of Importance
1. Typical--A Deerhound should resemble a rough-coated Greyhound of larger size and bone.
2. Movements--Easy, active and true.
3. As tall as possible consistent with quality.
4. Head--Long, level, well balanced, carried high.
5. Body--Long, very deep in brisket, well-sprung ribs and great breadth across hips.
6. Forelegs--Strong and quite straight, with elbows neither in nor out.
7. Thighs--Long and muscular, second thighs well muscled, stifles well bent.
8. Loins--Well arched, and belly well drawn up.
9. Coat--Rough and hard, with softer beard and brows.
10. Feet--Close, compact, with well-knuckled toes.
11. Ears--Small (dark) with Greyhoundlike carriage.
12. Eyes--Dark, moderately full.
13. Neck--Long, well arched, very strong with prominent nape.
14. Shoulders--Clean, set sloping.
15. Chest--Very deep but not too narrow.
16. Tail--Long and curved slightly, carried low.
17. Teeth--Strong and level.
18. Nails--Strong and curved.
Disqualification
White blaze on the head, or a white collar.
Approved March, 1935
|
网友评论：（只显示最新10条。评论内容只代表网友观点，与本站立场无关！）
站长：
