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惠比特犬（Whippet）AKC标准及介绍 |
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| 惠比特犬（Whippet）AKC标准及介绍 |
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作者：佚名 文章来源：不详 点击数： 更新时间：2007-7-1 13:39:26  |
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 惠比特犬（Whippet）AKC标准及介绍
一、[简介]
一种中型视觉猎犬，外观高雅而匀称，显示出速度、力量和平衡，但不粗糙。真正的运动型猎犬，能以最少的动作，跑完最大的距离。给人的印象是漂亮而和谐，肌肉发达，强壮而有力，外形是极度高雅，优美，呈流线型的体形是速度的要求。轮廓匀称，发达的肌肉和有力的步伐是重点考虑的；他所有的构造都是为速度及工作服务的，任何夸张的地方都必须去除。 二、[体型] 雄性的理想高度为19~22英寸（48.26—55.88cm）；雌性是18~21英寸（45.72—53.34cm）（从马肩隆到地面的距离）。上下误差超过1.5英寸属于失格。从前胸到臀部的距离等于或略大于肩高。中等骨量。 三、[头部] 敏锐、聪明而警惕的表情。眼睛大，颜色深。两个眼睛颜色必须一致。黄色或浅色眼睛属于严重缺陷。兰色眼睛或眼睛内有色环属于失格。眼圈色素充足。 玫瑰耳：小，质地细腻；休息时，耳朵向后，沿着颈部折叠。关注时，折痕依旧存在。立耳属于严重缺陷。 脑袋：长而倾斜，两耳间相当宽，止部几乎无法被察觉到。 口吻：长而有力，显示出巨大的咬和力，但不粗糙。缺乏下颌属于严重缺陷。鼻镜为纯黑色。 牙齿：下颚牙齿紧密贴合上颚牙齿内侧，形成剪状咬和。 牙齿白而结实。下颚突出式咬和属于失格。上颚突出式咬和，如果上颚突出1/4英寸或更多也属于失格。 四、[颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部长，整洁、肌肉发达，圆拱，喉咙无赘肉，逐渐变宽，融入肩胛上端。短而粗的脖子或羊脖子属于缺陷。背部宽，稳固，肌肉发达，长度超过腰部。背线从马肩隆开始，呈平顺、优美而自然的拱形，越过腰部达到臀部；圆拱是延续的，无断裂。肩胛后塌陷，凹陷的后背，平坦的后背，陡峭或平坦的臀部都属于缺陷。 胸部非常深，几乎延伸到肘部，肋骨支撑良好，但没有桶状胸的迹象。两前肢之间的空间完全被填满，所以不显得空虚。下腹曲线明显上提。 尾巴长，且尖端细，当尾巴垂落在后腿之间时，延伸到飞节处。当他运动时，尾巴低低地举着，略微向上弯曲；尾巴不应该举高过后背。 五、[前躯] 肩胛长，向后倾斜，肌肉平坦，在马肩隆的位置，肩胛骨之间允许有一点空隙。上臂的长度与肩胛相同，肘部正好在马肩隆下方。 肘关节既不向内弯也不向外翻，而是笔直向后。陡峭的肩胛、太短的上臂、肩胛肌肉过重或抗肩膀，或肩膀太窄，所有对舒展的动作有影响的地方，都属于严重缺陷。前腿直，显得有足够的力量，骨量充足。胶骨结实，略微倾斜，且柔韧。弓形腿，纠结的肘部，腿部缺乏肌肉和骨量，腿在身体下方距离很远，而形成一个非常夸张的胸部，虚弱或垂直的胶骨，都属于严重缺陷。 前后足爪都非常完美，脚垫坚硬、厚实。足爪更接近兔足而不是猫足，但两者都可以接受。平、张开或柔软的足爪，缺乏坚硬厚实的脚垫属于严重缺陷。脚趾长，紧密且圆拱。趾甲结实，且天生很短或中等长度。狼爪可以切除。 六、[后躯] 长而有力。大腿宽而肌肉发达，膝关节倾斜；肌肉长而平坦，向下延伸到飞节；飞节位置低，靠近地面。镰刀腿或牛肢属于严重缺陷。 七、[被毛] 短，紧密，平顺，且质地坚硬。其他任何被毛都属于失格。在工作留下的或意外中造成的旧伤痕，在比赛中不应该受到歧视。 八、[颜色] 颜色不重要。 九、[步态] 低而舒展的、平顺的移动，前躯伸展充分而后躯驱动力强大。从侧面观察，他的动作非常舒展；前肢向前伸展时贴近地面，产生长、而低的步伐；后躯产生强大的推动力。当他离去或从后面观察，腿既不向内弯，也不向外翻，足爪既不相互交错，也不彼此干涉。 缺乏前躯延展或后躯驱动，或短而马步式步态（抬腿太高），属于严重缺陷。足爪交叉或太靠近也属于缺陷。 十、[气质] 亲切，友善，温和，但能在瞬间产生巨大的爆发力，去追击猎物。 十一、[失格] 与身高标准的误差超过1.5英寸。 兰色眼睛或眼睛内有色环。 下颚突出式咬和或上颚突出式咬和上颚突出1/4英寸或更多。 所有不是短，紧密，平顺，且质地坚硬的被毛。
[以下为惠比特犬（Whippet）AKC标准英文原版]
Whippet Breed Standard
General Appearance
A medium size sighthound giving the appearance of elegance and fitness, denoting great speed, power and balance without coarseness. A true sporting hound that covers a maximum of distance with a minimum of lost motion. Should convey an impression of beautifully balanced muscular power and strength, combined with great elegance and grace of outline. Symmetry of outline, muscular development and powerful gait are the main considerations; the dog being built for speed and work, all forms of exaggeration should be avoided.
Size, Proportion, Substance
Ideal height for dogs, 19 to 22 inches; for bitches, 18 to 21 inches, measured at the highest point of the withers. More than one-half inch above or below the stated limits will disqualify. Length from forechest to buttocks equal to or slightly greater than height at the withers. Moderate bone throughout.
Head
Keen intelligent alert expression. Eyes large and dark. Both eyes must be of the same color. Yellow or light eyes should be strictly penalized. Blue or wall eyes shall disqualify. Fully pigmented eyelids are desirable.
Rose ears, small, fine in texture; in repose, thrown back and folded along neck. Fold should be maintained when at attention. Erect ears should be severely penalized.
Skull long and lean, fairly wide between the ears, scarcely perceptible stop.
Muzzle should be long and powerful, denoting great strength of bite, without coarseness. Lack of underjaw should be strictly penalized. Nose entirely black.
Teeth of upper jaw should fit closely over teeth of lower jaw creating a scissors bite. Teeth should be white and strong. Undershot shall disqualify. Overshot one-quarter inch or more shall disqualify.
Neck, Topline, Body
Neck long, clean and muscular, well arched with no suggestion of throatiness, widening gracefully into the top of the shoulder. A short thick neck, or a ewe neck, should be penalized. The back is broad, firm and well muscled, having length over the loin. The backline runs smoothly from the withers with a graceful natural arch, not too accentuated, beginning over the loin and carrying through over the croup; the arch is continuous without flatness. A dip behind shoulder blades, wheelback, flat back, or a steep or flat croup should be penalized. Brisket very deep, reaching as nearly as possible to the point of the elbow. Ribs well sprung but with no suggestion of barrel shape. The space between the forelegs is filled in so that there is no appearance of a hollow between them. There is a definite tuckup of the underline. The tail long and tapering, reaching to the hipbone when drawn through between the hind legs. When the dog is in motion, the tail is carried low with only a gentle upward curve; tail should not be carried higher than top of back.
Forequarters
Shoulder blade long, well laid back, with flat muscles, allowing for moderate space between shoulder blades at peak of withers. Upper arm of equal length, placed so that the elbow falls directly under the withers.
The points of the elbows should point neither in nor out, but straight back. A steep shoulder, short upper arm, a heavily muscled or loaded shoulder, or a very narrow shoulder, all of which restrict low free movement, should be strictly penalized. Forelegs straight, giving appearance of strength and substance of bone. Pasterns strong, slightly bent and flexible. Bowed legs, tied-in elbows, legs lacking substance, legs set far under the body so as to create an exaggerated forechest, weak or upright pasterns should be strictly penalized.
Both front and rear feet must be well formed with hard, thick pads. Feet more hare than cat, but both are acceptable. Flat, splayed or soft feet without thick hard pads should be strictly penalized. Toes should be long, close and well arched. Nails strong and naturally short or of moderate length. Dewclaws may be removed.
Hindquarters
Long and powerful. The thighs are broad and muscular, stifles well bent; muscles are long and flat and carry well down toward the hock. The hocks are well let down and close to the ground. Sickle or cow hocks should be strictly penalized.
Coat
Short, close, smooth and firm in texture. Any other coat shall be a disqualification. Old scars and injuries, the result of work or accident, should not be allowed to prejudice the dog's chance in the show ring.
Color
Color immaterial.
Gait
Low, free moving and smooth, with reach in the forequarters and strong drive in the hindquarters. The dog has great freedom of action when viewed from the side; the forelegs move forward close to the ground to give a long, low reach; the hind legs have strong propelling power. When moving and viewed from front or rear, legs should turn neither in nor out, nor should feet cross or interfere with each other.
Lack of front reach or rear drive, or a short, hackney gait with high wrist action, should be strictly penalized. Crossing in front or moving too close should be strictly penalized.
Temperament
Amiable, friendly, gentle, but capable of great intensity during sporting pursuits.
Disqualifications
More than one-half inch above or below stated height limits.
Blue or wall eyes.
Undershot, overshot one-quarter inch or more.
Any coat other than short, close, smooth and firm in texture.
Approved August 10, 1993
Effective September 29, 1993
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